The Student Art League of New York Summer Workshops

Fine art school in Manhattan, New York

The Art Students League of New York is an fine art schoolhouse at 215 West 57th Street in Manhattan, New York City, New York. The League has historically been known for its broad appeal to both amateurs and professional artists.

Although artists may written report full-time, there have never been any degree programs or grades, and this informal mental attitude pervades the culture of the school. From the 19th century to the present, the League has counted among its attendees and instructors many historically of import artists, and contributed to numerous influential schools and movements in the art globe.

The League as well maintains a significant permanent drove of educatee and faculty piece of work, and publishes an online journal of writing on fine art-related topics, called LINEA. The journal's proper noun refers to the school's motto Nulla Dies Sine Linea or "No Day Without a Line", traditionally attributed to the Greek painter Apelles by the historian Pliny the Elderberry, who recorded that Apelles would not permit a day pass without at to the lowest degree drawing a line to do his art.^[1]

History [edit]

Founded in 1875, the League's creation came nearly in response to both an anticipated gap in the program of the National Academy of Design's programme of classes for that twelvemonth, and to longer-term desires for more variety and flexibility in pedagogy for artists. The breakaway grouping of students included many women, and was originally housed in rented rooms at 16th Street and Fifth Avenue.^{[ii] [3]}

When the Academy resumed a more than typical—simply liberalized—program in 1877, at that place was some feeling that the League had served its purpose, merely its students voted to go on its program, and it was incorporated the following yr. Influential board members from this determinative flow included painter Thomas Eakins and sculptor Augustus Saint-Gaudens. Membership continued to increase, forcing the League to relocate to increasingly larger spaces.

The League participated in the founding of the American Fine Arts Society (AFAS) in 1889, together with the Club of American Artists and the Architectural League, among others. The American Fine Arts Building at 215 Westward 57th Street, constructed as their joint headquarters, has continued to house the League since 1892.^[4] Designed in the French Renaissance manner by one of the founders of the AFAS, architect Henry Hardenbergh (in collaboration with W.C. Hunting & J.C. Jacobsen), the building is a designated New York City Landmark^[v] and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

In the tardily 1890s and early 1900s an increasing number of women artists came to study and work at the League many of them taking on fundamental roles. Among them were Wilhelmina Weber Furlong and her husband Thomas Furlong. The avant-garde couple served the league in executive and administrative roles and every bit pupil members throughout the American modernism movement.^[vi] Alice Van Vechten Chocolate-brown, who would later develop some of the first art programs in American higher education, also studied with the league until prolonged family illness sent her home.^[vii]

The painter Edith Dimock, a student from 1895 to 1899, described her classes at the Art Students League:

In a room innocent of ventilation, the chore was to draw Venus (just the head) and her colleagues. We were not allowed to hitch bodies to the heads——withal. The dead white plaster of Paris was a perfect inducer of heart-strain, and was chosen "The Antique." I was supposed to work from "The Antique" for two years. The advantage of "The Antique" was that all these gods and athletes were such excellent models: there never was the twitch of an iron-spring musculus. Venus never batted her hard-boiled egg middle, and the Discus-thrower never wearied. They were also inexpensive models and did not have to be paid union rates.^[8]

In his official biography, My Adventures every bit an Illustrator, Norman Rockwell recounts his time studying at the school as a beau, providing insight into its operation in the early 1900s.

The League's popularity persisted into the 1920s and 1930s under the manus of instructors like painter Thomas Hart Benton, who counted among his students in that location the young Jackson Pollock and other avant-garde artists who would ascent to prominence in the 1940s.

Between 1942 and 1943, many of the League's students joined the armed forces to fight in World War Two, and the League's enrollment decreased from ane,000 to 400, putting it in danger of closing in mid-1943.^[9] In response, five hundred artists donated $15,000, merely enough to keep the League from endmost.^[ten] In the years after World War II, the G.I. Nib played an important part in the continuing history of the League by enabling returning veterans to attend classes.^[11] The League continued to be a determinative influence on innovative artists, being an early on stop in the careers of Abstract expressionists, Pop Artists and scores of others including Lee Bontecou, Helen Frankenthaler, Al Held, Eva Hesse, Roy Lichtenstein, Donald Judd, Knox Martin, Robert Rauschenberg, James Rosenquist, Cy Twombly and many others vitally agile in the art globe.

In 1968, Lisa M. Specht was elected outset female president of the League. The League's unique importance in the larger art world dwindled somewhat during the 1960s, partially considering of higher academia'due south emergence as an important presence in contemporary art education, and partially due to a shift in the fine art world towards minimalism, photography, conceptual art, and a more than impersonal and indirect approach to art making.

As of 2010^[update], the League continues to concenter a wide variety of young artists; and the focus on art made by manus, both figurative and abstract, remains strong; its continued significance has largely been in the continuation of its original mission – to requite access to art classes and studio access to all comers, regardless of their means or technical background.^{[12] [13]}

Other facilities [edit]

From 1906 until 1922, and again later the terminate of World State of war II from 1947 until 1979, the League operated a summertime school of painting at Woodstock, New York. In 1995, the League'southward facilities expanded to include the Vytlacil campus in Sparkill, New York, named after and based upon a gift of the property and studio of former instructor Vaclav Vytlacil.^[14]

Notable instructors and lecturers [edit]

Since its inception, the Art Students League has employed notable professional artists as instructors and lecturers. Near engagements take been for a yr or two, and some, like those of sculptor George Grey Barnard, were quite cursory.

Others take taught for decades, notably: Frank DuMond and George Bridgman, who taught anatomy for artists and life drawing classes for some 45 years, reportedly to 70,000 students. Bridgman's successor was Robert Beverly Hale. Other longtime instructors included the painters Frank Mason (DuMond's successor, over 50 years), Kenneth Hayes Miller (40 years) from 1911 until 1951, sculptor Nathaniel Kaz (50 years), Peter Golfinopoulos (over forty years), Knox Martin (over 45 years), Martha Bloom (thirty years) and the sculptors William Zorach (30 years), and Jose De Creeft, Volition Barnet (50 years) from the 1930s to the 1990s, and Bruce Dorfman (over 50 years).

Other well-known artists who have served as instructors include: Lawrence Alloway, Charles Alston, Will Barnet, Robert Beauchamp, George Bellows, Thomas Hart Benton, Isabel Bishop, Arnold Blanch, Louis Bouche, Robert Brackman, George Bridgman, Alexander Stirling Calder, Naomi Andrée Campbell, Robert Cenedella, ^[fifteen]Jean Charlot, William Merritt Hunt, Dionisio Cimarelli,^[16] Timothy J. Clark, Walter Appleton Clark, Kenyon Cox, Jose De Creeft, John Steuart Curry, Stuart Davis, Edwin Dickinson, Sidney Dickinson, Frederick Dielman, Harvey Dinnerstein, Arthur Wesley Dow, Frank DuMond, Frank Duveneck, Thomas Eakins, Daniel Chester French, Dagmar Freuchen, Wilhelmina Weber Furlong, Michael Goldberg, Stephen Greene, George Grosz, Molly Guion,^[17] Lena Gurr, Philip Guston, Robert Beverly Hale, Lovell Birge Harrison, Ernest Haskell, Childe Hassam, Robert Henri, Eva Hesse, Charles Hinman, Hans Hofmann, Harry Holtzman, Jamal Igle, Burt Johnson, Wolf Kahn, Morris Kantor, Rockwell Kent, Walt Kuhn, Yasuo Kuniyoshi, Gabriel Laderman, Ronnie Landfield, Jacob Lawrence, Hayley Lever, Martin Lewis, George Luks, Paul Manship, Reginald Marsh, Fletcher Martin, Knox Martin, Jan Matulka, Earl Mayan, Mary Beth Mckenzie, William Charles McNulty, Willard Metcalf, Kenneth Hayes Miller, Fred Mitchell, F. Luis Mora, Robert Neffson, Kimon Nicolaïdes, Maxfield Parrish, Jules Pascin, Joseph Pennell, Richard C. Pionk, Larry Poons, Richard Pousette-Dart, Abraham Rattner, Peter Reginato, Frank J. Reilly, Henry Reuterdahl, Boardman Robinson, Augustus Saint-Gaudens, Kikuo Saito, Nelson Shanks, William Scharf, Susan Louise Shatter, Walter Shirlaw, John Sloan, Hughie Lee-Smith, Isaac Soyer, Raphael Soyer, Theodoros Stamos, Anita Steckel, Harry Sternberg, Augustus Vincent Tack, George Tooker, John Henry Twachtman, Vaclav Vytlacil, Max Weber, J. Alden Weir, Jerry Weiss, and William Zorach.^{[18] [19]}

Notable alumni [edit]

The school'southward list of notable alumni includes: Pacita Abad, Harry North. Abrams,^[20] Edwin Tappan Adney, Olga Albizu, Karin von Aroldingen, Ai Weiwei, Gladys Aller, William Anthony, Edmund Archer, Nela Arias-Misson, David Attie, Milton Avery, Elizabeth Gowdy Baker, Thomas R. Brawl (a United states of america Congressman), Hugo Ballin, Volition Barnet, Nancy Hemenway Barton, Saul Bass, C. C. Beall, Romare Bearden, Tony Bennett, Theresa Bernstein, Brother Thomas Bezanson, Thomas Hart Benton, Ilse Bischoff, Isabel Bishop, Dorothy Block, Leonard Bocour, Harriet Bogart, Abraham Bogdanove, Lee Bontecou, Henry Botkin, Louise Bourgeois, Harry Bowden, Stanley Boxer, Louise Brann, D. Putnam Brinley, James Brooks, Carmen 50. Browne, Jennie Augusta Brownscombe, Edith Bry, Dennis Miller Bunker, Jacob Burck, Feliza Bursztyn, Theodore Earl Butler, Paul Cadmus, Alexander Calder, Chris Campbell, John F. Carlson, Kathrin Cawein, Paul Chalfin, Ching Ho Cheng, Minna Citron, Margaret Covey Chisholm, Walter Appleton Clark, Kate Freeman Clark, Henry Ives Cobb, Jr., Claudette Colbert, Willie Cole, John Connell, Russell Cowles, Allyn Cox, Ellis Credle, Richard V. Culter, Mel Cummin, Frederick Stuart Church, Joan Danziger, Andrew Dasburg, Charles C. Dawson, Adolf Dehn, Dorothy Dehner, Sidney Dickinson, Burgoyne Diller, Ellen Eagle, Marjorie Eaton, Sir Jacob Epstein, Marisol Escobar, Joe Eula, Philip Evergood, Peter Falk, Frances Farrand Dodge, Ernest Fiene, Irving Fierstein, Louis Finkelstein, Ethel Fisher, Wilhelmina Weber Furlong, Helen Frankenthaler, Hodé Frankl, Frederick Carl Frieseke, Wanda Gág, Dan Gheno, Charles Dana Gibson, William Glackens, Elias Goldberg, Michael Goldberg, Shirley Goldfarb, Peter Golfinopoulos, Adolph Gottlieb, Blanche Grambs, John D. Graham, Enrique Grau, Nancy Graves, Clement Greenberg, Stephen Greene, Red Grooms, Chaim Gross, Lena Gurr, Bessie Pease Gutmann, Minna Harkavy, Marsden Hartley, Julius Hatofsky, Ethel Hays, Gus Heinze, Al Held, Carmen Herrera, Eva Hesse, Al Hirschfeld, Itshak Holtz, Lorenzo Homar, Winslow Homer, Thomas Hoving, Paul Jenkins, Burt Johnson, Donald Judd, Joan Kahn,^[21] Matsumi Kanemitsu, Alonzo Myron Kimball, Torleif S. Knaphus, Belle Kogan, Lee Krasner, Ronnie Landfield, Adelaide Lawson, Arthur Lee, Lucy L'Engle, Alfred Leslie, Roy Lichtenstein, Dorothy Loeb, Tom Loepp, Michael Loew, John Marin, Reginald Marsh, Knox Martin, Donald Martiny, Mercedes Affair, Louisa Matthiasdottir, Peter Max, John Alan Maxwell, Eleanore Mikus, Emil Milan, Lee Miller, David Milne, F. Luis Mora, Walter Tandy Murch, Reuben Nakian, Louise Nevelson, Barnett Newman, Isamu Noguchi, Sassona Norton, Georgia O'Keeffe, Mary Orwen, Roselle Osk, Tom Otterness, Betty Waldo Parish, Clara Weaver Parrish, Betty Parsons, David Partridge,^[22] Phillip Pavia,^[23] Roger Tory Peterson, Bert Geer Phillips, I. Rice Pereira, ^[24]Alain J. Picard, Jackson Pollock, Fairfield Porter, Edith Mitchill Prellwitz, Henry Prellwitz, Robert Rauschenberg, Homo Ray, Charles Thousand. Relyea, Frederic Remington, Priscilla Roberts, Norman Rockwell, Esther Rolick, Louise Emerson Ronnebeck, Herman Rose, Leonard Rosenfeld, James Rosenquist, Sanford Ross, Mark Rothko, Glen Rounds, Luis Alvarez Roure, Morgan Russell, Abbey Ryan,^[25] Sam Savitt, Concetta Scaravaglione, Louis Schanker, Mary Schepisi, Katherine Schmidt, Emily Maria Scott, Ethel Schwabacher, Joan Semmel, Maurice Sendak, Ben Shahn, Nelson Shanks, Nat Mayer Shapiro, Henrietta Shore, Jessamine Shumate, David Smith, Tony Smith, Vincent D. Smith Robert Smithson, Louise Hammond Willis Snead, Armstrong Sperry, Otto Stark, William Starkweather, Frank Stella, Joseph Stella, Inga Stephens Pratt Clark, Harry Sternberg, Clyfford All the same, Soichi Sunami, Katharine Lamb Tait, Minerva Teichert, Val Telberg, Patty Prather Thum, George Tooker, Kim Tschang-yeul, Wen-Ying Tsai, Marija Rima Tūbelaitė, Luce Turnier, Cy Twombly, Jack Tworkov, Edward Charles Volkert, Emmett Watson, Nan Watson, Alonzo C. Webb, Sybilla Mittell Weber Davyd Whaley, Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, Adolph Alexander Weinman, J. Alden Weir, Jerry Weiss, Stow Wengenroth, Pennerton West, Anita Willets-Burnham, Ellen Axson Wilson, Gahan Wilson, Louise Waterman Wise, Sarah A. Worden, Alice Morgan Wright, Russel Wright, Art Young, Philip Zuchman, and Iván Zulueta.^{[26] [18] [xix]}

Run across also [edit]

• National University of Design
• Order of American Artists
• Ten American Painters
• List of art schools
• Atelier Method

References [edit]

1. ^ "LINEA". Asllinea.org. Retrieved 2013-07-23 .
2. ^ Cotter, Holland (2005-09-09). "CRITIC'S NOTEBOOK - A School'southward Colorful Patina - NYTimes.com". New York Times . Retrieved 2013-07-23 .
3. ^ "Fine art Students League". The Art Story.
4. ^ Christopher Gray (2003-10-05). "Streetscapes/Art Students League at 215 West 57th Street; An 1892 Limestone-Fronted Building That Endures". The New York Times . Retrieved 2013-07-23 .
5. ^ "The American Fine Arts Society" (PDF). New York Metropolis Landmarks Preservation Commission. December 10, 1968. Retrieved 24 June 2016.
6. ^ Clint Weber, Sr. (19 July 2012). The Treasured Collection of Golden Centre Farm: A Biography of Wilhelmina Weber Furlong. Weber Furlong Collection. In the foreword past Professor Emeritus James K. Kettlewell: Harvard, Skidmore College, Curator The Hyde Collection. ISBN978-0-9851601-0-4 . Retrieved 23 July 2013.
7. ^ Brent Wilson; Harlan Hoffa; Pennsylvania State University. School of Visual Arts; National Art Education Association (1987). The history of fine art education: proceedings from the Penn State Conference. National Art Education Association.
8. ^ Marian Wardle. American Women Modernists: The Legacy of Robert Henri, 1910-1945. Rutgers University Press; 2005. ISBN 978-0-8135-3684-2. p. 105.
9. ^ "Art Students' League Lacks Funds, May End: Nation's Oldest Contained Fine art School Lost 600 Pupils to Armed services". New York Herald Tribune. 1942-02-09. p. 17. Retrieved 2020-12-01 – via ProQuest.
10. ^ "Art Students League Saved by Contributions: Artists Donate 15,000 to Avert Closing in September". New York Herald Tribune. 1942-06-25. p. 17. Retrieved 2020-12-01 – via ProQuest.
11. ^ "Staying Power". July 9, 2015.
12. ^ Hoory, Leeron (July 4, 2016). "The Improbable History Of NYC's Revolutionary Art School, The Art Students League". Gothamist.
13. ^ "History". The Art Students League. Retrieved 2013-07-23 .
14. ^ "Residency". Theartstudentsleague.org. Archived from the original on 2010-09-13. Retrieved 2013-07-23 .
15. ^ "The Art Students League - Instructors". theartstudentsleague.org . Retrieved 25 January 2015.
16. ^ "Dionisio Cimarelli".
17. ^ "DOROTHY GAY JUERGENS". Larchmont Gazette. 2007. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
18. ^ ^{a b} Prominent former members of the Art Students League, Art Students League website. Retrieved online, December 26, 2011
19. ^ ^{a b} "Instructors and Lecturers - Past & Present". The Fine art Students League. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2013-07-23 .
20. ^ Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution. Oral history interview with Harry North. Abrams, 1972 March 14. [transcript 13 pp.] [Accessed Sept. 30, 2020]
21. ^ Glickman, Anne Southward. Joan Kahn; April thirteen, 1914–1994. Jewish Women's Archive. Retrieved February 14, 2022.
22. ^ Slade prints of the 1950s : Richard Hamilton, Stanley Jones and Bartolomeu dos Santos. London: Academy College London. 2005. p. 55. ISBN1-904800-06-eight.
23. ^ Sisario, Ben (2005-04-15). "Arts > Art & Blueprint > Philip Pavia, 94, an Avant-Garde Sculptor, Is Dead". The New York Times . Retrieved 2013-07-23 .
24. ^ "The Guggenheim Museums and Foundation". The Guggenheim Museums and Foundation.
25. ^ Life After the League, compiled past Julia Montepagani Archived March four, 2016, at the Wayback Automobile, Lines from the League, Student and Alumni Newsletter, Wintertime 2011-2012
26. ^ "Prominent Old Students ofThe Art Students League of New York".

Farther reading [edit]

• McElhinney James L: Fine art Students League of New York on Painting: Lessons and Meditations on Mediums, Styles, and Methods, 2015.

External links [edit]

• Fine art Students League of New York
• "Brief History of The League'due south Early Years"
• Linea
• PBS American Masters documentation including some notable alumni
• Data on the ASL at the Traditional Fine Arts System web site, retrieved Dec 14, 2007
• "Linea, Journal of the Art Students League of New York" available for download in PDF class; four issues per yr (free)
• "On the Front Lines: Armed forces Veterans at The Art Students League of New York"
• Art Students League records, 1875-1955 from the Smithsonian Archives of American Fine art

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Students_League_of_New_York

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